Discrimination And Diversity - 1285 Words

Discrimination comes in many forms. Discrimination and diversity are closely linked considering the reasons behind discrimination are what makes up the definition of diversity. Not only is discrimination made against gender, race, and religion, but it is also made of age, disabilities, appearance and in a lot of cases, women who are pregnant too. This is very much a reality for many employers. There are laws protecting acts of discrimination. This topic is so sensitive, that many employers implement diversity and discrimination into their mission statements. Many companies make it their practice to host training sessions to prevent discrimination from happening, then there are many companies who can’t afford such training for their†¦show more content†¦For instance; my direct boss, the Controller of the hospital, only has an associate’s degree in business. She has been with the company for 40 years and has worked her way up in rank throughout her time th ere. Within the department that I work, I do not see signs of discrimination based on what I see hired in on a regular basis and the already existing employees. We have people of all nationalities (within reason considering the community make-up), women who were pregnant at the time of hire and individuals of all ages and educational backgrounds. I feel it is important for employers to make diversity and discrimination known within the workplace. Employers need to be aware that there is such thing as implicit discrimination. â€Å"This form of discrimination occurs subliminally without an individual necessarily even being aware of it† (Ruthergien, 2016, p. 22). If an employee is not taught what discrimination is, how will they know if they are committing an act of discrimination. Not all acts of discrimination are obvious or common knowledge. Knowledge is power and the more employees know about the topic, the more aware they will be and less likely to make the mistake in discriminating somebody. Employers should have management training that will aid in the prevention of making decisions that may be considered discrimination. â€Å"We must be able to invent and reinvent and re-engineer theShow MoreRelatedDiversity And Discrimination In The Workplace1518 Words   |  7 PagesDiversity and Discrimination in the Workplace Diversity and discrimination are taken to have the same meaning to most people but this is not the case. Diversity is more in differ of certain things such as ideas and beliefs while discrimination is more in differ of things such as race, age, and gender. Yes, both are in differ of something but what is important to understand is that they are in differ of a variety of things. Yet it is sad but these qualities happen each and every day in the workplaceRead MoreEqual Employment, Diversity And Discrimination1499 Words   |  6 PagesEqual Employment, diversity and discrimination because I feel that these topics are strongly needed in any organization. Employees in the workplace can be discriminated against of gender identity, sexual orientation, race, age, disability, ethnicity, nationality, and so on. Companies need to strive to eliminate any of the various barriers above to ensure equal access to employment, services, and benefits, to both the current and future employees. The aut hor, of a discrimination article I read, statesRead MoreDiversity: Discrimination and Service Users1535 Words   |  7 Pages2 Be able to champion diversity, equality and inclusion 2.1 Promote equality, diversity and inclusion in policy and practice It is your role and responsibility to ensure that all staff promote equality, diversity and inclusion, whether dealing with service users directly or indirectly. This can be done in the following ways: Dignity and respect – respect individual’s need for privacy and dignity in the way that service is provided and the way that information is handled. Treat service usersRead MoreDiversity: Discrimination and Service Users1377 Words   |  6 PagesUNIT 203 1. What is meant by Diversity Diversity simply means a variety of things. It is understood that each individual is unique, and recognising our individual differences. These can range from race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive and nurturing environment Diversity is about recognising, valuing and taking account of peoplesRead MoreGender Diversity And Gender Discrimination1445 Words   |  6 PagesGender diversity and gender discrimination in the tech industry is a highly discussed topic among the human resources field. Many women continuously feel underrepresented in the field of tech and find that it is hard to obtain top management positions. This is due to the many problems that women face while trying to pursue these positions. These problems include overcoming the glass ceiling, dealing with sexual harassment in the workplace, and women being placed into gender stereotypes. SummaryRead MoreMy Community : The Importance Of Discrimination And Diversity774 Words   |  4 PagesDiversity is the epitome of the human race. We are in fact the same people, yet we have distinctions varying from ethnicity, culture and language. Although with these differences, as a collective race, it is our duty to break the barriers of discrimination and racism for every human being to feel accepted. It is important for communities to be embedded with diverse groups to showcase equality. The most essential factor in a community becoming diverse, are the people within the community. If a communityRead MoreDiscrimination And Diversity : The Challenges And Rewards Of The Workplace Essay1942 Words   |  8 Pages Discrimination and Diversity: The Challenges and Rewards of the Workplace David Kiedis Palm Beach State College â€Æ' Abstract This paper will be one that explores some of the challenges that have made up the workplace. Namely the fact that discrimination of people who are considered different than others in the workplace has been commonplace since the dawn of our great nation. By contrasting discrimination with how diversity can be extremely rewarding for businesses and the employees,Read MoreHow Diversity and Discrimination are Relevant Issues in Policing765 Words   |  3 Pageslevel and also at the power of the organization and may not be controlled by individual law enforcement officer’s own beliefs (Brown, 2013). This paper will exclusively explore how diversity and discrimination are relevant issues in policing and how these issues have changed over time. How diversity and discrimination are relevant issues in policing In 21st century America, a black or Asian police officer could be appointed the commissioner of a metropolitan police department or the Sheriff ofRead MoreIn a Country of Diversity and Tolerance, Discrimination for Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, and Transgender Still Exists1759 Words   |  8 PagesThe United States is an example for diversity and tolerance in the world. There are laws, policies and protection for a person’s rights. However, even with this in place many lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) are still discriminated against. LGBT Today faces discrimination with housing, jobs, relationships, insurance, medical care, adopting, religion and social prejudice. The rights of homosexual persons are not equal to a person who is heterosexual. A person who is homosexual are toldRead MoreRacial Discrimination : The World Has More Than 6 Billion People With A Diversity Of Human Races808 Words   |  4 PagesHirenkumar Thummar Professor Ball HA 96F, Section 21 November 11, 2015 Title- Racial Discrimination in the workplace The world has more than 6 billion people with a diversity of human races and colors. Even Though, by means of nature, people used to see each other as white, black, Hispanic, Asian, American, African, etc. As humans spread throughout the globe, they adapted to one of a kind dwelling conditions while genetic mutations introduced precise traits to the people. Likewise, the concept of

Difference of hero and saint Free Essays

The hero vs.. Saint is something I initially thought I could differentiate easily. We will write a custom essay sample on Difference of hero and saint or any similar topic only for you Order Now I Initially believed it to be either a person who lives life to the fullest day to day without any thought of what happens after death which would be the hero, or someone who lives life by a certain set of standards and sacrifices certain things for the sole purpose of something promised after death. After listening to Professor Ambrosia’s lectures and some discussion I have found that I wasn’t exactly correct In my Minimal hinging and that it isn’t exactly what I thought. Initially my thought on the hero was that they would be a selfish person Just living for themselves and their own glory. I have found that this Is not true at all. While the glory part I believe Is somewhat true It Is not for selfish reasons but for a sense of accomplishment. Yes a hero does things for glory, however It Is for reasons which better the world around them. They also do things because it is the logical and fair thing to do. In other words the hero uses his head and not so much his heart when dealing with issues. I believed at first that to be a saint must mean someone who is very religious. Have found that is also an incorrect thought. I was thinking too literally about the word saint and let my own religious beliefs cloud my thought process and gave me tunnel vision. While someone who is very religious probably does lean toward the saint view it does not mean someone who is not very religious cannot also lean towards the saint view on life. A saint is someone with a huge heart and uses it along with compassion and love to make decisions and lead them through life. I believe most of us live somewhere in between saints and heroes. I do not believe that someone has to choose one side over the other and I believe that in most cases it is better to live somewhere in between. However I do feel that on certain occasions we must choose between them and either make a decision based on fact even though it may not be the most compassionate answer or make a decision which even Hough isn’t the smartest is the kindest and most heartfelt. Sometimes there Is no in between answer and the answer does Ill completely on one side or the other which forces us to the hero or saint. BY entreaty initially believed it to be either a person who lives life to the fullest day to day without purpose of something promised after death. After listening to Professor Ambrosia’s lectures and some discussion I have found that I wasn’t exactly correct in my initial Initially my thought on the hero was that they would be a selfish person Just living or themselves and their own glory. I have found that this is not true at all. While the glory part I believe is somewhat true it is not for selfish reasons but for a sense of accomplishment. Yes a hero does things for glory, however it is for reasons which I believed at first that to be a saint must mean someone who is very religious. I though isn’t the smartest is the kindest and most heartfelt. Sometimes there is no in between answer and the answer does lie completely on one side or the other which How to cite Difference of hero and saint, Papers

Many People Know Tons Of Stuff About Their Distant Relatives, Because Essay Example For Students

Many People Know Tons Of Stuff About Their Distant Relatives, Because Essay their family has passed on much information throughout the years. In my life today ethnic heritage does not play all that big of a role. The only thing I really know is that my distant relatives used to live in Ireland. I think the reason I dont know very much is that my family from anywhere other than America is so distant like as in it all happened so many years ago, so all I see my self as today is a pure American.I dont think knowing this type of information is particularly necessary information to know. Some people may think that it is but I for one do not think so. The role of ethnic tradition has not typically played itself well in my life. For some reasons I would, and for some reasons I wouldntlike to know more about my family history.First, I would like to know more, like what kind of traditions my family had and what kinds of food were special to them. I just would like to know the basics of my history nothing too special like what they went through in immigration or anyth ing like that. That kind of stuff gets too complicated sometimes. I dont know, maybe if I found out something that interested me that happened with my family It would spark an interest but until then I am fine with not knowing very much. Maybe one reason my family dosent continue traditions is because we are the ones that primarily start the new traditions. I think it is a good thing to start new traditions because eventually over the years traditions will start to die out in that particular family. So families should try to make their own, and pass thoes new traditions on to their relatives and so on. Everyone knows, even though they might not think of it, that traditions have to start somewhere. You cant just say to your self, OH, well we just do it because its always been that way. Because the truth is, that it hasnt always been that way. Someone had to start it. Some of my families traditions are going to church on Christmas eve, and going to the Christmas tree farm and spending the day trying to find the most perfect Christmas tree and then cutting it down ourselves. Also, after we are done cutting it down, we have a tailgate party outside at the tree farm and drink hot cider, hot chocolate, and we listen to Pol ka music. I particularly do not enjoy listening to the Polka music, but everything else about the day is great, and I think it is a wonderful tradition that was begun in my generation. I think the tradition started about 6 years ago when we got an ad in the mail publicizing this tree company. My mom decided it would be a good idea to try something new rather than going and getting a non fresh tree. So we went to the place and ended up having a great time.Six years later and we are still carrying out the tradition. I really think that it is a good tradition that could last a long time. I know that I will take my kids to a fresh tree farm. During this project I learned a couple things about my lineage. One thing I learned is the name of the 1st Binford in America. His name was Anthony Binford he came to America in the 1630s from England. He came over on a boat, and settled in Virginia. Another interesting thing about this is that he was a tobacco farmer and a slave owner on his own pl antation. Anthony Binford was the first American Binford and he is the very top of the family tree for all of the Binfords in America today. For my moms side of the family I didnt really learn anything. All I know about her side is the stuff I did a report on when I was in 8th grade, and that itself did not amount to very much. The only thing I learned is that my moms side is from England.Of my immediate Binford line I am the last remaining male Binford. To me that is interesting. I feel like I have to carry on the Binford name, or there will be no more Binfords in my lineage.I really do not want that to happen, because I would feel bad about it. My family has stayed away from the past and more focused on the present tense. That is probably why I dont know much about my family history. Im not really that worried about what happened a long time ago. I mean , some of the stuff is cool, like the Anthony Binford story. But I guess if I knew more stuff I would want to know more and more. .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea , .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .postImageUrl , .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea , .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea:hover , .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea:visited , .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea:active { border:0!important; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea:active , .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u76992fde5824c9086c775af2645049ea:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Judge`s Wife By Allende Essay

Prejudice In Canada Essays - Discrimination, Abuse,

Prejudice In Canada The topic of my position paper was supposed to be most people in Canada are not prejudiced towards minority groups but I find it virtually impossible to argue this because everyday I witness multiple occurrences of prejudiced behaviour. My textbook stated that most prejudice is found in people who have little education or come from lower-income families, but this statement does not seem to be true. The newspapers I read, and things people around me say and do show that prejudice is around and likely always will be. The people who have been deemed prejudiced because they are from lower-income families or have little education have been raised to fend for themselves. Therefore, they may think of immigrants as a threat, and believe they take jobs and money away from whites. Also, due to their lack of education they may not be aware that many immigrants start businesses of their own and employ many whites therefore creating more jobs. Unfortunately, it is not just people in this group that are prejudiced. The newspaper is a key piece of media that is often prejudiced, you just need to read between the lines to realize this prejudice. Just yesterday I was flipping through the Toronto Star and a certain headline caught my eye -- Parents of murdered child express their Jewish anger and I thought to myself, their Jewish anger? I wasn't aware that Jewish people had a different type of anger than any other ethnic group. Prejudice is also all around me on a daily basis. I hear words like paki, chink, wop, Jew bastard and nigger hourly when around friends and classmates. These racial slurs are thrown around without a thought of the true meaning of them. It is unfortunate that parents do not seem to have raised their children to instinctively know that using these slurs is completely inappropriate and wrong. The most important role a parent can play in their children's life is that of a role model, but many parents, rich and poor, speak or behave with prejudice regularly. Most children grow up to have many of the same morals and beliefs as their parents, therefore this chain of prejudice will likely never end. I wish I could say that most people in Canada are not prejudiced towards minority groups but I fear that this just i Sociology

Nike Sweat Shops Essays - Economy, Clothing, Business, Fashion

Nike Sweat Shops.txt Essays - Economy, Clothing, Business, Fashion Nike Sweat Shops There has been much debate and controversy recently concerning Nike's Asian labour practices. This is a very complex issue and one that is a long way from being solved. It is very difficult to determine which side of this argument to defend, as both sides acknowledge the facts, yet put a completely different spin on them. Do you believe Nike's critics who say they're exploiting workers? Or, do you believe Nike when they say that they are giving workers in these countries wonderful opportunities to raise their standard of living? The consensus answer to this question by all sides seems to be that Nike is improving but still has a ways to go. Nike's Asian ties can be traced back to the birth of the company. The CEO, chairman of the board of directors, and co-founder, Phil Knight, wrote his masters thesis at Stanford University in the 1960's on the prospects for using Asian labor to produce goods cheaper and more effectively. In order to incorporate this plan in to Nike's business structure, a partnership was set up with a Japan based company called Tiger Sports. Tiger Sports would manufacture shoes for Nike in Asia then shipped them to the United States to sell. In the 1980's however, this aspect of Nike's partnership with Tiger Sports was dissolved, and Nike was forced to expand production from the United States to countries such as Taiwan and Korea where their products could be manufactured at the same relatively low cost that Nike enjoyed through the Tiger Sports partnership. Over the last five of years, however, the production numbers for these countries have been decreasing at an alarming rate due to the fact that th eir economies expanded at a very rapid pace. This, in turn, caused the cost of labour to increase dramatically, and therefore Nike could no longer produce their product as efficiently as before. In lieu of the rapid economic growth in the pacific rim, and the increased production cost, Nike has moved more into countries such as Vietnam and China where the labour is cheaper and labour laws less stringent. (VLF, VN Fact Sheet) Nike does not own any of the factories that produces its products in Asia, and subsequently they do not directly employ the workers or management. They contract out work to factories that make all of the products and run all of the factories. They do, however, have a massive amount of leverage when dealing with these factories because of the huge contracts they supply. To ensure good labour practices, Nike has a Code of Conduct that every contractor must agree to abide by in order to get a contract. The Conduct Code in theory condemns and prohibits child labour, requires that workers be paid fair wage, imposes caps on the days and hours a worker can be forced to work, prohibits mistreatment or discrimination of workers in any form, obligates factories to implement programs that benefit worker's health and safety, and recognizes and respects the workers right to freedom of association. There are 1000 Nike employees worldwide monitoring operations at the subcontractors and specifically the Code of Conduct adherent. The most consistent criticism of Nike is that the workers in the factories contracted by them are not aware of the Code of Conduct that was agreed upon, and/or it is not enforced (especially the wages and overtime aspects) by the factory officials. Critics contend that the factories pay less than minimum wage at times, force too many overtime hours, and fail to make the workplace as clean and as safe as standards dictate. Many of the factories that are contracted have workers and management from different countries, causing some problems in communication. Some factories in China have Taiwanese Managers while factories in Vietnam have Korean managers. This is one reason offered by Nike in defense of the factories failure to comply with the Code of Conduct. To look into this issue, earlier this year Nike commissioned Andrew Young, a former civil rights leader and United Nations ambassador to do an analysis of how well the Code was working. Young and his staff visited four factories in Vietnam, Indonesia, and China for three to four hours

4 Must Dos for Making the Transition from College to Work

4 Must Dos for Making the Transition from College to Work The transition out of college and into working life can be a bumpy one. There’s more competition for fewer jobs than ever. Here are 4 tips for how to maximize your chances of a smooth path  into your career. 1. Find an Internship Early OnA challenging internship in the field you’d like to enter is one of the best ways to set yourself up for career success while you’re still in school. This shows initiative, your ability to win competitive positions, and gives you a bunch of professional experience in your field before you’ve even graduated. Make sure to pick one that is as challenging, prestigious, and productive as possible- not to mention one that is a good fit for you. Do a bit of research first, then make the absolute most of it. Do your best to dazzle your superiors and keep in touch. They could be great resources for recommendations in your first job applications.2. Pretend you’re already in your careerWhile you’re working your part-t ime jobs and internships in college, don’t just treat them like side work while you finish your degree. Treat them like your first- or fifth!- adult job in your field. Treat your undergraduate present like your career future and you’ll be setting yourself up very well to step into that future when the time comes.3. Reach out and create a networkIt is crucial to be proactive and show the kind of initiative recruiters look for in an applicant. Go above and beyond every chance you get. Seek out mentors at your internships and jobs and express your interest to maximize your potential- and your resume. Set goals for yourself and keep yourself honest so you make sure to meet them- and keep meeting them.4. Get promotedThere are always opportunities for advancement and promotion. Seek these out early and often. Set up job alerts. Try working for larger companies that have multiple avenues to jobs higher up the ladder. Don’t get complacent in any one position. If you let everyone know you’re hungry, eager to keep learning and advancing, and you can prove your mettle, eventually your bosses and coworkers will know to think of you first when opportunities arise.

6.1 Annotated Bibliography Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

6.1 Annotated Bibliography Assignment - Essay Example By studying this article, one can best understand the undercurrents that have pushed distance learning into importance and wide application. The article compels the reader to rethink the tenability of calls that distance learning be subjected to rescission. By reading this article, one is able to appreciate the essence, reasons for and advantages of distance learning. The article enriches this study be discussing formal deliberations and resolutions that have been passed by European Union, so that analysts can appreciate the fact that it is not only Americans who are considering the fate of distance learning programs. The article also compels analysts to consider the need to adopt a comprehensive approach that is inclusive of an international scope when appraising and modifying distance learning. In this article, Farajollahi discusses different modalities and frameworks that can be put in place to ensure that distance learning for the tertiary level of education is more effective, less contentious and comports itself worthy of its putative standards. By studying how Turkey has interwoven certain aspects of traditional classes with distance learning, analysts are able to appreciate many viable alternatives to solving the pitfalls of distance learning. Fritts, Jack & Casey, Anne-Marie. â€Å"Who Trains Distance Librarians: A Study of the Training & Development Needs of Distance Learning Librarians.† Journal of Library Administration, 50.5/6 (2010): 617-627. Print The importance of this article to this study is that it attempts to appraise the disputed quality of distance by looking at its most fundamental aspect. This fundamental aspect is the module’s services providers and their level of training. The rationale herein is that if the fundamentals are in order, then the shortcomings of distance learning are secondary or peripheral and can thus be solved. In this article, Karras discounts the notion that distance or virtual

Religious Studies Cumulative Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Religious Studies Cumulative Paper - Essay Example For example in all religions it is good to speak truth while it’s bad to cheat, steal, lie or kill fellow human beings. After 9/11 divide between religions has increased manifolds due to pursuing of terrorism by few fundamentalists. It is very important to understand what is meant by religious tolerance, what are its limits, how terrorism and terrorists should be separated by the large Muslim community and so many other related issues. It is also important to have a look at main religions of the world and see their views about violence and tolerance. It is imperative to note that what a religion preaches may not be followed by its follower. In this case whether a religion should be blamed or its followers. All religions trace back their roots to a creator or God. This fact should be a source of harmony or difference between various religions. Historically which religion has remained most peaceful and why?. All these questions need answers however it is not clear whether these answers will settle old questions or create new ones. Outline. The paper will be covered in the following outline:- 1. What is Religious Tolerance and what are its limits. 2. Why Religious Tolerance is important. 3. Is there really a clash of civilizations going on? 4. What are the major religions of the world and what do they say about Religious Tolerance. 5. Is Religious fundamentalism a good thing or bad? 6. Should a religion be separated from its followers or not. 7. Scientific, biological, spiritual, ethical, moral and social dimensions of religion. 8. Is Religious tolerance linked to Government actions? 9. Should an individual handover his religious freedom to a church or any other ruling institution 10. Social and political issues in religious tolerance. 11. Difference in opinion about religious tolerance amongst various thinkers. 12. Final outcome of the discussion. Discussion on Outline There are 19 major religions of the world with Christianity, Islam, Buddhism and Hinduis m being bigger ones according to population of followers. Hinduism is not a religion in classic sense since there is no single founder, center of origin or single scripture. Rather Hinduism is a combination of beliefs and traditions practiced over thousands of years. Tolerance is one of the core values in Hinduism expressed through centuries of co-existence with other religions in the sub-continent. Teachings of this religion propagate that all beings in whole universe are one family or â€Å"vasudhaiva kutumbkam†. This family includes smallest creatures, animals and mankind, all created by God. Amongst all creatures, mankind has the ability to think and rule the earth, therefore bears greater responsibility to exercise tolerance. Man must show tolerance to fellow beings irrespective of religion or caste. Hinduism preaches that tolerance is essence of human life and all other religions or paths leading to God are true and legitimate. It is wrong to consider oneself on true pa th while others at a wrong one. Due to belief of tolerance Hinduism in India co existed for centuries with Buddhism, Islam, Sikhism, Jainism and many other religions at the same time. In Indian history very less Hindu rulers invaded foreign lands in the name of religion. As said by Gandhi the famous Hindu leader â€Å"The chief value of Hinduism lies in holding the actual belief that all life (not only human beings, but all sentient beings) is one, i.e. all life coming from the universal source, call it Allah,

The Boston Beer Company Essay Example for Free

The Boston Beer Company Essay Jim Koch began selling Sam Adams beer from bar to bar out of a brief case in April 1985. He sold unlabeled bottles kept cold with chill packs from his briefcase. His sales tactic was the following simply 10-second pitch: â€Å"Try this new beer. It’s handcrafted in small batches. You’ll like the taste. † (Hyatt, 2010) At the time, the craft beer industry in America was virtually non-existent. By 1989, sales of Sam Adams had grown to 63,000 barrels. In 1996, Sam Adams sales had reached 1. 2 million barrels. (Wikipedia, 2012). The success of the brand served as the catalyst for what many call the microbrew revolution. By 1995, there were approximately 600 small, local and regional breweries throughout the United States. Today, the Boston Beer Company (producer of Sam Adams) employs over 800 workers and brews over 2 million barrels of Sam Adams beer annually. It is the largest of the craft breweries in the United States. (Boston Beer Company) The craft brew industry accounts for about 1 percent of the domestic beer market, which is dominated by giants MillerCoors and Anheuser-Busch InBev. This is has required a remarkable level of growth since the early 1990s. In 2011, the industry grew 13 percent by volume (barrels) and 15 percent by retail dollars. Domestic craft beer sales reached 11,468,152 barrels in 2011, up from 10,133,571 in 2010. This growth has occurred despite the overall $96 billion domestic beer market contracting in the past few years (down 1 percent in 2011 to 199,937,239 barrels). (Brewers Association, 2012) The craft brew industry is comprised of several types of breweries which range in annual production from a few barrels up to 6 million barrels. The Brewers Association recently revised the upper limit from a previous point of 2 million barrels in 2011. (Nason, 2011). The industry classifications are the following: * Nanobreweries: Breweries which produce less than 30 barrels per year. * Microbreweries: Breweries classified by their annual production volume, which is up to 15,000 barrels per year. In addition, 75 percent of the beer produced is sold outside of the brewery. There are no set guidelines on the inputs or techniques used to produce the beer in order to be classified as a microbrewery. (Kleban Nickerson, 2011) While the term is often used interchangeably with the term ‘craft beer,’ they are actually not synonyms. A craft beer must contain at least 50 percent traditional malt. (Brown, 2012) * Brewpubs: Restaurant-based breweries in which more than 25 percent of the beer produced is sold onsite, often directly from the brewery’s storage tanks. A majority of these are located in the northeast. * Contract brewing company: Breweries which outsource their production to other breweries subject to exact brewing specifications. The contract brewing company handles all marketing, distribution, and selling responsibilities. (Brewers Association, 2012) Boston Beer Company used to be classified as a contract brewing company. However, from 2007 to 2009 the company’s production at company-owned breweries increased from approximately 35 percent to over 95 percent. (Datamonitor, 2011) * Regional craft brewery: Brewers which produce from 15,000 to 6 million barrels of beer per year. Less than 25 percent of the brewery is owned or controlled by a non-craft alcoholic beverage industry member. In addition, at least 50 percent of its production volume must be in all-malt beers. (Brewers Association, 2012) The Boston Beer Company is now a regional craft brewery. The total number of U. S.craft breweries passed 2,000 in 2012, with significant growth since 2009: Breweries (#)| 2009| 2010| 2011| Regional Craft Bwr. | 71| 81| 88| Microbreweries| 505| 615| 789| Brew Pubs| 1,020| 1,053| 1,063| Total| 1,596| 1,749| 1,938| (Brewers Association, 2012) The industry is based on a three-tiered system of distribution in which the producers partner with wholesale distributors who provide transportation and refrigerated storage to retailers. There are hundreds of distributors in the industry, and over 630,000 retailers. There are over 220 million potential customers (over the age of 21 yrs.) domestically. (Beaudette, 2011). States control the regulation of the industry, and typically collect taxes through the distributors, rather than attempting to work with hundreds of thousands of retail outlets. (Beer Distributors of Oklahoma, 2010) Company’s Dominant Features The Sam Adams brand was named for the Boston revolutionary who was also a brewer. Samuel Adams Boston Lager made its debut in April 1985, when it was served in approximately 25 Boston bars and restaurants. At this point, the company had two employees: Jim Koch (founder) and his partner Rhonda Kallman. Sales reached 500 barrels by the end of the year, and the company expanded rapidly from there. (Samuel Adams, 2012) The company went public as the Boston Beer Company in 1995, selling shares of Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange using the ticker symbol SAM. Jim Koch owns 100 percent of the company’s class B stock, which grants him control over all decision-making responsibilities of Boston Beer Company. They have three breweries located in Cincinnati, Boston and Breinigsville (Pennsylvania), and produce over 30 styles of beer. (Boston Beer Company) This includes its seasonal brands: Alpine Spring (January-March), Summer Ale (April-August), Octoberfest (August-October), and Winter Lager (November-January). (Wikipedia, 2012) The company currently produces over 2 million barrels of beer annually, and is the largest craft brewery in the industry. It is the second largest American brewery by sales volume (to D. G. Yuengling and Son). The company has been a pioneer within a growing differentiated niche market within the alcohol beverage industry. The Boston Beer company builds its competitive advantage by focusing on innovation and quality (freshness). The company (and craft beer industry as a whole) cannot compete with Anheuser-Busch InBev and MillerCoors based on price due to lack of scale (though Sam Adams is more widely distributed than any of its craft industry members). The company began freshness dating back in 1987. It soon followed this with an amnesty program for its wholesalers which allowed beer that was three months past its expiration date to be returned for a partial refund. In more recent years, the company has enacted its Freshest Beer in Town initiative. This is a just-in-time distribution model in which wholesale partners will keep only one week of inventory (down from 3-4 weeks’ worth before), and the Boston Beer Co. will replenish supply based on consumer demand. The company also has begun the Draft Quality Audit Program, in which trained employees make in-market visits to test the freshness of the company’s product on tap at various retailers. Over 20,000 such audits are now conducted on an annual basis. The company also plans to continue pursuit of joint collaborations with other breweries and expansion of its own operations. It currently has an agreement with Moosehead Brewery for distribution of Sam Adams products in Canada. It has also teamed with Germany’s Weihenstephan Brewery to create Infinium, the first new beer style created under the Reinheitsgebot principle of beer purity (only four allowed ingredients: water, malt, hops and yeast). The Weihenstephan Brewery has a credible claim as being the world’s oldest brewery, and enjoys a strong reputation among beer enthusiasts. (Zegler, 2012) Regarding potential future growth, founder Jim Koch is excited for both his company and the craft beer industry. In 2011, he stated the following: I do believe that craft beer has a solid foundation for continued growth. Because in 2011, craft beer has become the new wine and the 20-somethings are adopting craft beer in the same way that their boomer parents adopted wine. When that happened in the 80s it led to decades of steady, healthy growth, and I’m optimistic that craft beer can have many years of steady, health growth†¦. I also believe that we (Boston Beer Co. ) have a really bright future. We’re also very small. Sam Adams can double. We can maybe even triple [in size] in the next 20 years. (Zegler, 2012). Places where it competes As stated above, the Boston Beer Company operates three breweries in Cincinnati, Boston and Lehigh Valley of Pennsylvania. Over 95 percent of the company’s products are now produced in its own breweries. It is distributed throughout the United States, in parts of Europe including Germany, and now in Canada through an agreement with the Canadian brewery Moosehead. Standing in the Industry (Rivals) Boston Beer Co. has been the craft brewing industry leader since its beginning. It was the number one craft brewer in 2011 based on beer sales volume. It was followed by Sierra Nevada Brewing Co.and New Belgium Brewing Co. In the overall industry, Boston Beer Co. is number five in beer sales volume, behind Anheuser-Busch InBev, MillerCoors, Pabst Brewing Co. and D. G. Yuengling and Son Inc. The craft beer segment accounts for approximately one percent of the overall alcoholic beverage category (includes wine and spirits, imported beer, craft and large breweries). (Brewers Association, 2012) Anheuser-Busch InBev and MillerCoors dominate the industry, though business dipped last year. Interestingly, there seems to be a great amount of cooperation and collaboration amongst the members of the craft brewing segment. Building the segment is a common concern with many of the regional craft breweries. For example, in 2008 Boston Beer Co. responded to an industry-wide hops shortage by sharing 20,000 pounds of its own hops at cost with 108 selected craft breweries. (Samuel Adams, 2008) There are many other notable craft breweries that have emerged as industry leaders in the past decade, including the following: * Sierra Nevada Brewing Co. : The nation’s second largest craft brewer, they are based Chico, California. The company was founded by Ken Grossman and Paul Camusi in 1980. Production is approaching 1 million barrels annually. The most popular product is the Sierra Nevada Pale Ale. * New Belgium Brewing Co. : Headquartered in Ft. Collins, Colorado and founded in 1991 by Jeff Lebesch. The company’s flagship beer is the popular Fat Tire. It is the nation’s third largest craft brewery. The company’s distribution network had reached 19 states by 2009, and is growing. * Deschutes Brewery: Based in Bend, Oregon. The company’s products include its Black Butte Porter, Mirror Pond Pale Ale and the award-winning The Abyss (11% alcohol by volume; released in 2007). * Harpoon Brewery: Headquartered in Boston, Mass. Products include its India Pale Ale, Munich Dark, 1636 Brew and four seasonal varieties. * Boulevard Brewing Co. : Located in Kansas City, Missouri. The company’s products are available in over twenty states in the Midwest region. (CNBC, 2012) * Dogfish Heah Craft Brewery: Founded by Sam Calagione and based out of Delaware. Calagione is known for pushing the boundaries of brewing varieties, and actually collaborating with Jim Koch in creating 2009’s SAVOR Flowers brew (it was a one-time experiment). Competitive Capabilities Boston Beer is the craft beer industry leader by production and sales volume. Its focus is on freshness and innovation (variety). The company started early with its freshness dating, followed by its amnesty program for its distributors, and now the Freshest Beer in Town and Draft Quality Audit Program. Regarding his company’s emphasis on beer freshness, Koch stated the following: If my beer isn’t fresh, I want the consumer to buy something else. And I want to make it as easy as possible for them to know because if they have a bad experience with my beer, they may not buy it again. To me, it’s not about trying to get consumers that are trying one beer after another and they never buy again. I’m very focused on giving consumers a great taste in every bottle so I can build brand loyalty based on a reliably rewarding experience. (Zegler, 2012) Boston Beer innovation is manifest in its wide variety of seasonal and specialty brews, as well as its recent notable collaborations. It teamed with Weihenstephan Brewery to create Infinium, which sold out domestically within a few weeks, and apparently had similar success in Germany. The company added Noble Pils in 2010 (winner of its 2009 Beer Lover’s Choice election; brewed with all five Noble hops). Latitude 48 is an India pale ale with hops from producers along the 48-degree latitude sources. The company also released its Samuel Adams Revolutionary Rye Ale in 2011 (winner of 2010 Beer Lover’s Choice election). The company also intends to expand its Barrel Room collection of beers, which until recently were only distributed in Denver and Boston. The Barrel Room beers are aged in the Boston Beer Company’s brewery supply of barrels, and include American Kriek, New World Tripel, and Stony Brook Red varieties. Jim Koch stated the following concerning his company’s push for new varieties: We’re not the new kid on the block. We’re not the newest beer out there. We’re not the most local. We don’t have the best marketing or a cute brand name. People have tried Sam Adams, it’s not a new experience†¦ the reason that we’ve become the leading craft brewery is because we have always given the consumer the best possible experience and they have rewarded us with their loyalty. That’s why we keep pushing on those things. . (Zegler, 2012) Forces Driving Industry Change. Aside from the continued expansion efforts of many industry’s regional craft breweries, there has also been a current lobbying push on behalf of the craft beer industry for the passage of Congressional bills H. R. 1236 and S. 534, which would reduce federal excise taxes applicable to the craft breweries. Specifically, if passed the bill would reduce the small brewer rate on the first 60,000 barrels by 50 percent, from $7. 00 to $3. 50 per barrel. The rate on production between 60,000 and 2 million barrels would also be reduced from $18. 00 to $16. 00 per barrel. The two bills were introduced in March 2011. (Brewers Association, 2012) (Buchman Law Firm, LLP) Sources of Competitive Advantage Arenas Boston Beer Company operates in the craft brewing industry, which accounts for approximately 1 percent of the overall beer industry, which is dominated by Anheuser-Busch InBev and MillerCoors. Sam Adams and the company’s other products are distributed throughout the United States and Canada (via the recent agreement with Moosehead Brewery of Canada). The company’s target customer is one who is willing to pay a premium price for a quality beer, and will display brand loyalty. The company’s standing as a catalyst for the microbrew revolution has given it considerable brand recognition among beer enthusiasts. Vehicles The company has grown considerably in twenty years, employing over 800 employees with three breweries which now produce 95 percent of the company’s products. Jim Koch plans to continue company expansion, with visions of tripling in size in the next twenty years. Based on the company’s history, expansion will most likely occur through internal development rather than via any mergers or acquisitions. Each beer style must registered by requests for certificates of label approval (COLA). State registration usually requires a state application coupled with the federal COLA for a given label. (Buchman Law Firm, LLP) Excise taxes are typically collected through a company’s wholesalers. Boston Beer Co. has embarked on some notable recent joint ventures, including its creation of Infinium in collaboration with the Weihenstephan Brewery and its Canadian distribution agreement with Moosehead Brewery. On the supply side, the company must continually replenish its inventory of barley and hops. Monthly barley prices from February 2007 to January 2012 had a standard deviation of $37. 76 per metric ton. This low amount of variation has led many breweries to simply purchase the crop on an annual basis. Conversely, many breweries will contract to acquire hops years into the future. The Boston Beer Company has over $33 million in hops contract commitments through 2015. (Craft Beer Analytics, 2011) Differentiators Boston Beer Company has significant brand equity within the craft beer industry due to its significant role in creating it. They attempt to further differentiate their products based on freshness and product innovation. Its Freshest Beer in Town initiative is a just-in-time supply arrangement with the company’s wholesalers (it was intended to include 50 percent of Boston Beer’s distributors by the end of 2011). (Craft Beer Restaurant Times, 2011) The program reduced suppliers’ inventories of Sam Adams down from an average of 3-4 weeks to just one week (which is to be kept chilled). Boston Beer ships more based on what the distributors have sold as opposed to advance orders. According to Koch: â€Å"Refrigeration of the beer virtually eliminates all of the product degradation that happens through the supply chain. The temperature control also makes it as if the retail account is getting its beer straight from the brewery. † The Draft Quality Audit Program is one in which company salespeople have been trained to taste the defects and track the cause of low quality Sam Adams on tap at various retailers. Boston Beer Co. now conducts approximately 20,000 audits each year, which has resulted in a drop in the incidence of low quality company beer from 15 to just 3 percent, according to Koch. (Zegler, 2012) The company has also continued to expand its beer varieties. From its seasonal brews and collaborations with breweries such as Dogfish Head and Weihenstephan, to its Barrel Room collection and updates such as Noble Pils, Latitude 48 and Revolutionary Rye Ale, the company is always looking to test the boundaries of craft brewing. Corporate Strategies Boston Beer Company has successfully built on Sam Adams’ strong brand equity, differentiating its products based on quality, variety, and freshness. The company has continued to expand its operations with no plans to discontinue such efforts. It has also hedged against future increases in hops prices with over $33 million in hops contracts already signed covering the company through December of 2015. Economic Logic The craft beer industry is based on the idea that consumers will pay a premium price for a quality beer which is different from the industry norms offered by companies such as Anheuser-Busch InBev and MillerCoors. Sam Adams also benefits from considerable brand equity. Staging and Pacing. Jim Koch has stated that he believes that the craft beer industry will continue to trend upward in sales relative the rest of the alcoholic beverage industry, and that the Boston Beer Company could triple in size within the next 20 years. His opinion on this matter is important, because Koch owns all of the company’s Class B common stock and with it, retains all decision-making authority for the company. Financial Analysis Current Financial Standing The 2011 fiscal year provided the Boston Beer Company with multiple opportunities to raise their glasses. Undoubtedly, the major achievement of 2011 was officially obtaining just over 1% of the United States beer market. This increased market share enabled the company to release some very impressive numbers in their recent 10-K. Earnings Snapshot| Revenue| $558. 282M| Net income| $66. 059M| Return on assets| 24. 24%| Return on equity| 35. 76%| Profit margin| 11. 83%| Current ratio| 1. 88| Quick ratio| 1. 37| Quite possibly the most staggering ratios from the 2011 filing are the company’s return on assets (investment) and return on equity. These tools measure how profitable a firm is relative to their total assets and total equity, respectively. In 2011, the Boston Beer Company reported a return on assets of 24. 24% and a return on equity of 35. 76%. Both of these ratios have a high level of volatility depending on the industry. These measures are remarkable within the alcoholic beverage industry, as well as the general beverage industry. In comparison, Coca-Cola (KO) posted a return on assets of 10. 72% and a return on equity of 27. 10% in 2011, while the winemaking company Constellation Brands (STZ) posted a return on assets of 6. 25% and a return on equity of 16. 75%. Furthermore, the company performed well regarding profit margin. Differing from other measures, profit margin should rarely be used to compare different firms. The reasoning behind this is that firms have varying levels of setups, so comparing profit margins could lead to confusion and misdiagnosis. The best way to use profit margin is against prior years. When weighed against its prior years, the company has seen a constant uptick over the past several years, signifying it is doing a good job of controlling costs and setting pricing at a reasonable level. The Boston Beer Company excelled in their liquidity and leverage ratios as well, not just in the three major profitability ratios: return on assets, return on equity, and profit margin. The most common ratios for measuring liquidity are the current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio. The current ratio (liquidity ratio) is an easy way to measure whether a firm is able to pay its short-term debts. A ratio of 1. 0 or above is likely and expected, and the Boston Beer Company’s 2011 current ratio of 1. 88 leaves it with plenty of leeway to pay all of its short-term obligations. Much like the current ratio, the quick ratio is a slightly more conservative measure that takes into account current levels of inventory, which can be difficult to liquidate. The company’s quick ratio is 1. 37, after taking out inventories. This still leaves plenty of room for the company to repay its short-term obligations. The last liquidity ratio is the cash ratio, which is the least commonly used of the three measures mentioned previously. The cash ratio is the ultimate ratio of liquidity because it only compares cash and marketable securities to current liabilities. An extremely high cash ratio could signify that a firm is stockpiling cash and not investing its assets wisely. The company’s cash ratio of 0. 74 is less than 1. 0 but still reasonable considering the other amounts of short-term assets. While the company does not have the ability to pay its short-term obligations with cash, it is still operating within a secure level of liquidity. The last group of ratios is the leverage ratios. These ratios measure how much debt a company is carrying. The total debt ratio divides total liabilities by total assets, giving an estimation of how leveraged a company is at a given time. In 2011, the Boston Beer Company’s total debt ratio was 0. 32, which would signify a generally low level of risk to potential investors. Much like the total debt ratio, the debt to equity ratio is a leverage ratio that has total debt in the numerator. The difference is the debt to equity ratio divides the total debt by stockholders equity. This ratio shows how a company finances its activities, whether through debt or equity. The Boston Beer Company’s debt to equity ratio of 0. 47 indicates it has very little debt compared to its equity. This shows how the company has been conservative in using debt to finance its operations. The last leverage ratio is interest coverage, a tool used to see how easily a company can pay its interest expenses. Since the company has interest income instead of interest expense, the interest coverage ratio is not valuable when evaluating the company’s 2011 financials. Recent Financial Trends During the past three years, the Boston Beer Company has seen steady gains from almost all of their major financial indicators. The company, undoubtedly, has improved on their prior year results across the board since 2009. When the financial crisis struck the United States and the world in late 2008, most firms encountered decreased earnings and in many instances, losses. Many of these companies are just now returning to their pre-recession profitability. The majority of the damage was incurred to these companies in the fourth quarter of 2008 and well into 2009. As seen by their year-over-year net income growth of 284. 74% in 2009, the recession did little to hurt the company’s financial situation. One potential explanation for its recession success comes from the â€Å"relationship between economic recession and [increased] consumption of alcohol and that heavy drinking behavior is unambiguously associated with unhappy feelings or dissatisfaction† (Anderson Moro, 2008). The widespread theory is that a sudden decrease in income has little affect or possibly a negative correlation with beer consumption. Quite possibly, this could explain why most vice companies trade with a beta less than 1. 0, indicating a negative relationship with the market. The Boston Beer Company is currently trading with a beta of 0. 85. In their most recent 10K, the company posted a year-over-year net income growth of 31. 74%. While this number appears very positive on the surface, it does not fully take into account a settlement the company received from its glass bottle supplier when the company had to issue a recall after routine inspections found glass particles in certain bottles. The recall affected approximately 25% of the company’s bottles and was completed by the fourth quarter. Nevertheless, the end result was the company â€Å"received a cash payment of $20. 5 million, which was recorded as an offset to operating expenses, and all parties have released each other of any claims as they relate to this matter† (The Boston Beer Company, Inc. , 2011). Comparison with Market Leaders While the Boston Beer Company has been experienced significant gains the past few years, it is still a minor player in the beer industry compared to the two leaders: Anheuser-Busch InBev and MillerCoors. These two companies combine for a total market share of just over 35%. The Boston Beer Company’s 2011 revenue of $558. 282 million is 1. 43% and 10. 80% of Anheuser-Busch InBev’s $39. 046 billion and SABMiller’s $5. 170 billion, respectively. While it cannot compete on revenue, the company can compete on productivity. The productivity ratio is computed as employees divided by revenue. The company’s productivity ratio of $664,620 per employee tops Anheuser-Busch InBev’s $336,600 per employee and MillerCoors’ $277,260 per employee. The company has repeatedly stated that its goal has never been to be on the same level as the market leaders. Instead, its goal is to be the leader in the better beer category, which includes Yuengling, Corona, and Heineken. In 2011, D. G. Yuengling and Son passed the company as the largest American beer-maker in sales, a title long held by Anheuser-Busch. The Boston Beer Company’s objective is to regain that title and grow with the better beer category. Stock Trends The Boston Beer Company has a very unique setup for their common stock. The company has 8,714,931 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding and 4,107,355 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding. Where the setup gets unique is that the Class A Common Stock only have voting power to approve certain mergers and elect a minority to the board of directors. The Class B Common Stock is held entirely by C. James Koch, Chairman of the Board of Directors, who has control over the majority of the board of directors and most other matters regarding shareholder approval. This gives Mr. Koch substantial control over his company and takes a large amount of power from the remaining shareholders. After reaching its lowest point in close to a decade at $19. 02 in May 2009, the Boston Beer Company (SAM) has rebounded to new levels. In fact, the stock reached its all time high of $119. 84 on June 19, 2012. Except for a decline of close to 25% of the stock’s value in early 2011, the increase has been steady and balanced since the low in 2009. One interesting note is the volume of shares traded in late 2007. Traders saw the stock rising quickly from $30 to $50 and felt it had a lot of volatility. This led to a sharp increase in trading activity that pushed the volume over 1. 5 million shares. Stock Performance Outlook As of late, stock analysts have conveyed mixed feelings about the company’s future stock outlook. According to Morningstar’s survey of four analysts, one rates the stock a buy, one rates it underperform, and two rate it a hold. This shows exactly how divided analysts are on the future of the stock. Since 2008, earnings per share has increased from $0. 56 to $4. 81, although the $4. 81 does take into account the settlement. Excluding the settlement, earnings per share in 2011 was $3. 73, still a 5. 97% increase over 2010. For 2012, analysts are â€Å"looking for full-year earnings of $4. 14, a projected 10% increase from last year. The next-year estimate is pegged at $4. 80, a solid 16% earnings growth projection† (Vodicka, 2012). If the company meets or exceeds these earnings projections, there is little doubt that it could continue climbing. Traders who are bullish on the stock believe it should continue growing with the craft brewery sector. They point toward the company’s recent run of hitting estimates, its healthy price to earnings ratio of 22. 57, and its recent investment in their brewing facilities to keep up with increased demand. On the other hand, bearish traders point toward the company’s high valuation premiums that are incorporated into the prices. If the company were to miss their upcoming quarterly earnings, it could ignite some traders to short the stock, potentially sending it spiraling. Key Success Factors. For firms to be successful over a long period of time, they must be aware of the key success factors that drive profitability in their industries. Key success factors are a set of issues that all companies operating in the industry must pay attention to in order to be successful. Quite simply, key success factors are something each company must have to accomplish long-term success. In his 2004 journal article, Richard A. Caralli explains that â€Å"every organization inherits a particular set of operating conditions and challenges that are inherent to the industry (or a segment of the industry) in which it chooses to do business. This results in a unique set of [key success factors] that organizations in a particular industry must achieve to maintain or increase their competitive positions, achieve their goals, and accomplish their missions† (Caralli, 2004). The beer industry in particular has three main key success factors. First, firms must have an advertising campaign that effectively reaches their target audience. For years, Anheuser-Busch has been the market leader by segmenting the way it advertises its different brands. Budweiser is marketed as the â€Å"King of Beers† and is known for its signature Clydesdale horses and vintage bottle design. On the other hand, Bud Light is marketed as â€Å"The Sure Sign of a Good Time. † Its commercials are designed for a much younger audience and are regularly voted as some of the most humorous on television. The other major beer makers seem to follow the same strategy of marketing their core brand as legendary and historic, while marketing the light varieties in a more humorous tone. A second key success factor in the beer industry is obtaining and maintaining a network of wholesale distributors. These distributors act as middlemen to transport the beer from brewers and importers to stores, bars, and restaurants. The approximately 3,300 distributors in the United States allow companies to focus more on brewing and marketing and less on delivery to the end user. The beer wholesaler industry is a very large industry in itself. The largest distributor, Reyes Beverage Group, delivers 93 million cases per year and has revenues of $1. 9 billion. Firms must keep in constant contact with these distributors to ensure timely and cost-effective delivery. The last major key success factor affecting the beer industry is knowledge of the consumer. To be able to effectively advertise for their brands, firms must have deep knowledge of their target audience. The beer industry is segmented into a variety of different divisions. Marketing a specific product incorrectly could be extremely costly. Miller is effectively targeting their target audiences with Miller 64 and Miller High Life. Miller 64, with only 64 calories, is intended for males and females age 35 and under, while Miller High Life is intende.

An Individuals Achievement Of Self-knowledge :: essays research papers

An Individual's Achievement of Self-Knowledge   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An important theme is an individual's achievement of self-knowledge as a result of undergoing an ordeal. As Rev. Hale sits through the proceedings of the court in the play The Crucible by Arthur Miller, his views change drastically.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Rev. Hale first arrives in Salem, he is very objective about the whole situation of witchery. He questions Tituba and Abigail about all the events that occurred in the forest such as the girls' dancing and the frog in the kettle. He firmly believes that witchery was involved in causing the unresponsive condition of Betty Parris. He coaxes a confession from Tituba who names others supposedly involved in consorting with the Devil. He strongly encourages the authority of the Church to seek out and convict any unknown enemies of the Church. The Salem witchcraft trials began as a result. At first, only the poor and lower classes were accused, but soon respectable members of the community such as Rebecca Nurse and Elizabeth Proctor were charged. Hale's personal feelings tell him that they are innocent, but his Puritan background prevents him from questioning the authority of the court.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the play progresses, Hale begins to alter his views about the trials. He suggests that John Proctor should have a lawyer, but this request is denied by Danforth. He claims that a lawyer is not necessary because only the demon and the witness are important. Actually, he is conveying that the court alone will decide on the witness' probity based on his own words. Hale realizes that John Proctor is an honest man when he would willingly ruin his own reputation in the hopes of exposing Abigail as a whore. He absolutely cannot believe that the court won't accept his testimony as the truth. Hale thinks that the children are irresponsible fakers. He denounces the entire proceeding and leaves. Ironically, Rev. Hale returns to Salem to encourage the accused to lie in

Development Methods

Agile software development refers to the processes and methodologies of software development which are based upon the implementation of iterative development with the help of a joint venture through which solutions are devised by making use of cross-functional teams. Coined in the year 2001 with the promulgation of the Agile Manifesto, this special program of computer program development mainly focuses on the philosophy of leadership and accountability with the intention to fulfill the needs of customers and achieving company goals. Moreover it does not only emphasize on best teamwork practices but also promotes best industry practices.Hence agile methodology of software development is extremely beneficial for industries and software companies as it provides a greatest number of myriad benefits at their disposal (Reifer, 2006). On the flip side we have the traditional method of computer program and software development which includes a number of different methodologies which can be u sed in various ways for the fulfillment of objectives through traditional methods. Traditional methods are commonly classified or labeled as all those methods of software development that cannot be categorized or accommodated in agile development method.Therefore when talking about traditional methods we have at our disposal some of the ways that are known as iterative development procedures, waterfall methods and even cowboy tailoring, hence in a nutshell it encompasses all those characteristics or most of them that are not the salient feature of the agile method of software and computer programming, hence with increasing innovation and advancement taking place in the technological sector the efficacy and credibility of traditional methods of software development is slowly and steadily decreasing (Lewis, 2008).Salient features of each methodology As stated earlier that some of the major characteristics that are among the prime features of agile method of software development due to which it is considered highly preferable for computer companies in contemporary times. All the methods that are described and accommodated by the agile method promote teamwork, collaboration and adaptability to the changing environment and scenario of the technological mainstream.Since agile method accentuates upon the feature of adaptability potentials with the passage of time most of the computer programs that are made by using agile methodology do not focus on long term planning. Each iteration that is designed by using the principle designing features of the program consist of short time frames or time boxes as they are professionally referred to as. These time boxes last for minimum two to a maximum four weeks.However it is worth mentioning here that every fragment of information that is designed using this method of software technology uses and adheres to the principles and features of proper analysis, observation, market strategy prevalent at that specific period of time and involves proper and well-coordinated collaboration of all team members that contribute their opinion and perspectives after which the decision of software developing is finalized and presented to the major stake holders of the company (Highsmith, 2002).With all such features incorporated well in the entire project that is looked forward towards designing the probability of risks and hazards that can affect the entire project in adverse ways minimizes substantially and at the same time makes the entire computer program highly susceptible and non-immune for the adaptability of changes that can easily be made in the rudimentary mechanism of the entire computer program to make it suitable and usable in the long run.As far as the features of the traditional methods of computer program development is concerned since there are many methods that can be classified under the banner of traditional method, each method has its own dos and don’ts. For example some of the salient features of the Waterfall Method which is known as one of the structured organized of all traditional methods follows a strict procedure of stepping through requirements, analysis, design and coding in an at all once sort of a way which basically halts the sustainability and longevity of the computer program being designed.In contrast to this we have the cowboy method which does not follow or adhere to any specific rules and regulations of software program development and n which the team that is developing and designing the program have complete liberty as a result of which the outcome is not as effective and long-lasting as made by following other program and methods of software development (Kram and Tsui, 2009). Pros and Cons of each methodologyEvery program of software development is accompanied with its own pros and cons and similar is the case of agile and traditional methods of computer program development. We will have a look at some of the advantages of the agile method and procedur e first. The biggest advantage that web and software developers when using agile methodology is that the program outcome of this software is highly adaptable and possess the ability of undergoing changes and alterations that makes it adaptable to the dynamically changing environment of the technological and web arena.A further benefit that is an extension of the former one is that the developing and technical team does not have to invest further time, effort and resources to cater to the needs of the client that has altered, if such a condition does take place which is frequent enough slight or even substantial changes can be made without exerting oneself too much or without wasting too much time and further resources to ultimately gratify the client.Another very positive point of using agile method for computer programming is attributed to the presence of constant face to face communication between the developing team and that with the customer leaves no space for speculation in th e work and the kind of task that has been undertaken by the company itself.Furthermore the documentation made through agile methodology is short, concise, and crisp and is targeted specifically to the point that is required by the client without any redundant and irrelevant information. With the collective and flawless consolidation of all these factors the software prepared by using this methodology is as demanded and as per the requirement of the customer. Once done with this lets have a look at some of the cons and don’ts that are related to agile method.It has normally been viewed that the software development prepared using the agile method is limited in benefits to short scale projects, if large scale projects are prepared using this method their effectivity and credibility may not last long mainly because of the fact that in large scale projects it become difficult to evaluate the effort and scope of resources that needs to be invested in the preparation of the project during in its initial stages of software development cycle in particular.Secondly, another shortcoming of agile method also lies in the fact that it does not completely emphasize on the preparation of mandatory documentation and designing which are some of the elements that are extremely important and dire for any software program and for the maintenance of its efficacy.Agile methods are always accompanied with the threat that the customer or the client may easily withdraw or rollback the entire project if he is not able to understand the objectives that the project needs to fulfill and the benefits that the project can extract for him as a result of which the entire project and the resources and effort invested in it will go in vain.Moreover it is also worth mentioning here that agile method of program development is carefully and manageably handled by professional, highly qualified, experienced and learned computer professionals so that they possess all the necessary skills in co mmunication as well as adequate technical expertise to satisfy all the myriad and diverse requirements that the client needs in the computer program he is looking forward to design. Once done with the advantages and disadvantages of agile methodologies of technical software development we now move on to the pros and cons of traditional methods (Sanja, 2010).Since traditional method accommodates a wide array of different methods and procedures some are effective and advantageous whereas others do not share the same level of credibility and usage. Some of the traditional methods that are used such as the Waterfall method is highly accredited as some of the most organized and well-managed ways of software development due to the high level of convenience and simplicity it offer at the disposal of the client. Waterfall Method which is among the most prominent method of traditional development offers the effective departmentalization of resources and expertise as well as of managerial con trol.It also follows some of the key principles that are vital for the success of any project; these include analysis of an issue through all ways and magnitudes through proper consultation and recommendations from all major experts involved in the process, but despite of this a major drawback that is offered by the usage and adherence to the principles of traditional methods of software development are that the software program constructed by making use of traditional methods do not have the potential of turning back or reverting the process that has been established once, as a result of this if a client demands an alteration in the basic mechanism of the program that ahs initially been designed for him, the company employees and the technical staff involved in the making of the program will have to start from the scratch in order to incorporate the change demanded by the customer. This will also require greater investment of time, resources and efforts from the entire team in orde r to conform to clients needs.When such processes take place time for other projects that are pending have less time for their completion as a result of which a chain reaction of chaos, anomie and mismanagement initiates that disturbs the entire process of effective management (Keith, 2007). The affectivity of each software development method depends on the kind of the client and the requirement of the client that it is dealing with. In contemporary technological mainstream we see that the entire business of Information technology has been shifted overseas and are being handled primarily by countries that can provide ample and low cost labor force such as China and India.In such cases these countries work for many of the software companies located in United States and other major economies of the world and their companies like Microsoft, Dell and Hewlett Packard, therefore the choice of the software that they demand has to be satisfied under all conditions and the requirements and n ature of the software in turn determines the kind of the software that needs to be used for the making of the software. In some cases the company might show interest in developing software though agile while in other ways traditional methods have to be applied. Hence in a nutshell the affectivity of each methodology of software making depends on the requirements of the client and the nature of the software that needs to be developed by the concerned organization.Requirements and demands may also vary at a local level for example a local Indian software company known as Satyam mostly shows interest in developing software through agile methods as alterations in it can readily be achieved to cater to the needs and requirements of their target audience. In some circumstances it is also a possibility that the software model and the specializations and expertise of the company involved in providing technological services come into consideration when choosing the methodology being applied. Some companies despite of client reliance and coercion apply tactics in order to convince the client the best way through which his services can reach his specified target audience in order to make sure that the capital investment being made by the client provides him maximum benefit in the form of the services being provided by the software company itself (Hass, 2007).

Dumbest Generation

Mark Bauerlein seems to believe that is the dumbest generation because research has shown that knowledge skills and intellectual habits have gone down, and although some people agree with him, others don’t. I believe this generation isn’t the dumbest because there are other things that need to be considered when calling someone, a group of people, or even an entire generation stupid or dumb, rather than just knowledge skills and intellectual habits. Knowledge isn’t all about what people know or how well they are in school. IQ tests test the intelligence of the person; however they test the pure thinking capacity rather than what people know.This means that intelligence comes from the entire cognitive thinking ability and not what they know. IQ tests have also been rising since the 1930’s (Source B). Furthermore, just because this doesn’t know things that people knew two generations before us did, doesn’t make us dumb. This generation is learn ing about things that people didn’t even know about two or even one generation ago. Also, most students in college don’t think that what was important back then is relevant today, so they don’t see the point in remembering or learning about it. That isn’t stupidity, that’s just choice in the information that they wish to hold.Plus, some people are more intelligent about certain things about other people, but that doesn’t make them dumb or stupid about that subject. They just don’t understand it as much as other people. If you look at other subjects for that person, I’m sure you’ll find their strong spot, and what they’re good at. It all depends on what their brain can understand and comprehend. Moreover, students and even adults are coming together. They create groups and social activities that allow people with similar interests and intelligence to get together and help and teach what they know about that particu lar subject.They come to these people for their knowledge to improve their craft, gain reputation, and expanding their intelligence and interest in their craft (Source C). Although most people may disagree, the new media and social advances help with this. It allows students to reach people around the globe and get other information so they get direct information. According to Mizuko (Source C), â€Å"Youth respect one another’s authority online and are more often motivated to learn from peers than adults. † So by this meaning, the social media allows students to learn in a more advanced way to where they don’t feel like they are being condescending.This also allows the students to learn more of on their own and exploring, rather than knowing the goals and going by a direct lesson plan. Given the fact that most students use Google instead of a library might make people think that we are being derived of learning how to do research on our own. Although most peopl e are right, Google does have benefits. If someone just needs a quick way to get information, Google is good place to get started. Most people know to make sure things are doubled in places rather than just in one place though, so they know what to do about how to research.Additionally, having social media and the internet, texting, email etc. , also creates more chances of writing. Most parents and teachers think that this is causing a downfall in school and literacy capabilities but in reality its actually helping. According to Thompson (Source G), she believes we are in the middle of a literacy revolution. This generation writes more than any other generation before. Most peoples’ writing happens outside the classroom. It may not be very advanced writing, but it is writing. It works the writing and literacy capabilities because it is still writing. They have to read, comprehend, understand, and respond.All of which includes using the abilities that they already had. Also, almost thirty-eight percent of writing happens outside of the classroom. Everything that people write, including texting and email etc. , add up and help with their brain which expands their learning and thinking capacity. Along with social media, there are video games. The people who play video games say that they help with hand-eye coordination, and those who don’t say that the video games make the brains weak. But in all actuality, video games help expand the thinking capacity and help the thinking and learning capabilities.They figure out how to get through things in the game and don’t just cheat by using a manual. They have to think about what could happen next or look at how things happen so they know how to act, react, and do (Source F). Furthermore, every generation has their â€Å"dumb spots†. That doesn’t make each generation the dumbest generation though. One person can’t say that this is the dumbest generation when every generation is d umb at some point or with some group of people. In 1962, according to Simpson, (Source E), he did a documentary about a group of people who didn’t even know what most people did know at their age.They barely knew anything at all and they weren’t able to spend all day texting or playing video games. Each generation has their problems, so one cannot pinpoint what generation is the dumbest generation. So, although some people believe different, I believe this generation is not the dumbest generation because knowledge is not all about the amount of information a person holds. It’s about the thinking capacity and other things can interrupt that thinking process, and also, each generation has their â€Å"dumb† faults. This generation may be more evident, but it is not the dumbest generation.

The Pyrenean Ibex Profile

The Pyrenean Ibex Profile The recently extinct Pyrenean ibex, also known by the Spanish common name bucardo, was one of the four subspecies of wild goat to inhabit the Iberian Peninsula. An attempt to clone the Pyrenean ibex was carried out in 2009, marking it the first species to undergo de-extinction, but the clone died due to physical defects in its lungs seven minutes after its birth. Fast Facts: Iberian Ibex Scientific Name: Capra pyrenaica pyrenaicaCommon Name(s): Pyrenean ibex, Pyrenean wild goat, bucardoBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: Length of 5 feet; height of 30 inches at the shoulderWeight: 130–150 poundsLifespan: 16 yearsDiet: HerbivoreHabitat: Iberian Peninsula, Pyrenees mountainsPopulation: 0Conservation Status: Extinct Description In general, the Pyrenean ibex (Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica) was a mountain goat which was substantially bigger and had larger horns than its extant cousins, C. p. hispanica and C. p. victoriae.  It was also called the Pyrenean wild goat and, in Spain, the bucardo. During the summer, the male bucardo had a coat of short, pale grayish-brown fur with sharply defined black patches. During winter it grew thicker, combining longer hair with a layer of short thick wool, and its patches were less sharply defined. They had a short stiff mane above the neck, and two very large, thick curving horns that described a half-spiral twist. The horns typically grew to 31 inches in length, with a distance between them of about 16 inches. One set of horns in Musà ©e de Bagnà ¨res at Luchon, France, measures 40 inches long. Adult males bodies were just under five feet long, stood 30 inches at the shoulder, and weighed 130–150 pounds. Female ibex coats were more consistently brown, lacking the patches and with very short, lyre-shaped and cylindrical ibexs horns. They lacked the males manes. Young of both sexes retained the color of the mothers coat until after the first year when the males began to develop the black patches. dragoms/Getty Images Habitat and Range During the summers, the agile Pyrenean ibex inhabited rocky mountainsides and cliffs interspersed with scrub vegetation and small pines. Winters were spent in snow-free upland meadows. In the fourteenth century, the Pyrenean ibex inhabited much of the northern Iberian Peninsula and were most commonly found in the Pyrenees  of Andorra, Spain, and France, and likely extended into the Cantabrian mountains. They disappeared from the French Pyrenees and Cantabrian range by the mid-10th century. Their populations began to decrease steeply in the 17th century, primarily as a result of trophy-hunting by people who craved the ibexs majestic horns. By 1913, they were extirpated except for one small population in Spains Ordesa Valley. Diet and Behavior Vegetation such as herbs, forbs, and grasses comprised most of the ibexs diet, and seasonal migrations between high and low elevations allowed the ibex to utilize high mountain slopes in the summer and more temperate valleys during the winter with thickening fur supplementing warmth during the coldest months. Modern population studies were not conducted on the bucardo, but female C. pyrenaica are known to congregate in groups of 10–20 animals (females and their young) and males in groups of 6–8 except in rutting season when they are largely isolated. Reproduction and Offspring Rut season for the Pyrenean ibex began in the first days of November, with males conducting ferocious battles over females and territory. The ibex birthing season generally occurred during May when females would seek isolated locations to bear offspring. A single birth was the most common, but twins were born occasionally. Young C. pyrenaica can walk within a day of birth. After birth, the mother and kid join the females herd. Kids can live independently from their mothers at 8–12 months but are not sexually mature until 2–3 years of age. Extinction While the exact cause of the Pyrenean ibexs extinction is unknown, scientists hypothesize that some different factors contributed to the decline of the species, including poaching, disease, and the inability to compete with other domestic and wild ungulates for food and habitat. The ibex are thought to have numbered some 50,000 historically, but by the early 1900s, their numbers had fallen to fewer than 100. The last naturally born Pyrenean ibex, a 13-year-old female that scientists named Celia, was found mortally wounded in northern Spain on January 6, 2000, trapped beneath a fallen tree. The First De-Extinction in History Before Celia died, though, scientists were able to collect skin cells from her ear and preserve them in liquid nitrogen. Using those cells, researchers attempted to clone the ibex in 2009. After repeated unsuccessful attempts to implant a cloned embryo in a living domestic goat, one embryo survived and was carried to term and born. This event marked the first de-extinction in scientific history. However, the newborn clone died just seven minutes after its birth as a result of physical defects in its lung. Professor Robert Miller, director of the Medical Research Councils Reproductive Sciences Unit at Edinburgh University, commented: I think this is an exciting advance as it does show the potential of being able to regenerate extinct species. There is some way to go before it can be used effectively, but the advances in this field are such that we will see more and more solutions to the problems faced. Sources Brown, Austin. TEDxDeExtinction: A Primer. Revise and Restore, the Long Now Foundation, March 13, 2013.  Folch, J., et al. First Birth of an Animal from an Extinct Subspecies (Capra Pyrenaica Pyrenaica) by Cloning. Theriogenology 71.6 (2009): 1026–34. Print.Garcà ­a-Gonzlez, Ricardo. New Holocene Capra pyrenaica (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae) Skulls from the Southern Pyrà ©nà ©es. Comptes Rendus Palevol 11.4 (2012): 241–49. Print.Herrero, J. and J. M. Pà ©rez. Capra pyrenaica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T3798A10085397, 2008.Kupferschmidt, Kai. Can Cloning Revive Spains Extinct Mountain Goat? Science 344.6180 (2014): 137-38. Print.Maas, Peter H. J. Pyrenean Ibex - Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica. The Sixth Extinction (archived in Wayback Machine), 2012.Ureà ±a, I., et al. Unraveling the Genetic History of the European Wild Goats. Quaternary Science Reviews 185 (2018): 189–98. Print.

American Industrial Worker Essay Sample

Analyze the impact of any TWO of the following on the American industrial worker between 1865 and 1900. The industrial revolution had been made known all over the universe. doing immense moving ridges of immigrants to crash into urban metropoliss of the United States. Because of this. many mills sprang up and a typical American industrial worker had to confront jobs because of in-migration and besides labour brotherhoods. which were created in order to protect factory workers from unjust foremans. Immigration was seen as a pro for concern and mill proprietors for they were hungry for occupations and would take any no affair how small the wage. These immigrants were seen as famished job-stealing people that made the spread in between foremans and their employers even bigger. Most Americans did non believe it was just to hold non indigens take their occupations and land. Since there were so many immigrants during this clip. mill workers were seen as objects that could be replaced any minute. If an American mill worker was to kick about his wage cut. so he could easy be fired and replaced by an Irish immigrant. Employers could utilize many methods to set down rebellious behaviour. They could utilize the yellow-dog contract. which was an understanding between the employer and the employee that the employee may non fall in any brotherhoods. Employers could besides utilize the black book method. which was a secret list where an employee’s name would be added on if they had complained and quit and this list would be passed around to employers of other mills. vouching the individual unemployment. In utmost instances. federal military personnels could be called in to coerce the workers to work. Immigrants besides emphasized the thought of nativism to the American people. Nativists wanted immigrants to travel back to their fatherland because they did non belong in the States. In 1882. the authorities passes the Chinese Exclusion Act which restricted Chinese immigrants from come ining the United States. The authorities excluded the Chinese foremost because it was harder for them to absorb into American society because of their physical visual aspects and cultur al differences. Irish and Germans had a much easier clip intermixing in while the Chinese stuck out. Immigration besides caused favoritism. In the fabric Millss. where most adult females work. there would be marks that excluded Irish adult females. These had the words. â€Å"No Irish Need Apply† ( NINA ) printed in bold letters. forbiding Irish immigrants to work. The Industrial Revolution brought awful conditions. low wage cuts for longer hours and unsafe machinery. Because of this. labour brotherhoods were formed. Workers would fall in into brotherhoods and protest in a group to their foreman because they thought that working in a group would do the foremans think more intently. The foremans thought it was economically smarter to do understandings with the workers than to fire them and engage new workers with no experience in. There were two types of labour brotherhoods in mills: a closed store or an unfastened store. These two greatly affected the American industrial worker because in a closed store. every worker must fall in the brotherhood and if non ; they could confront serious effects such as being beat up and unfastened store is a mill where workers are non required to fall in the brotherhood. Labor brotherhoods had tactics of their ain in order to try to acquire their manner. They would frequently boycott. or travel on work stoppage. These labour brotherhoods garnered tonss of attending and made the public aware of how atrocious the mill workers were. Most of them went on work stoppage in order to acquire the issue out and about. Many labour brotherhoods were organized but few were successful. The National Labor Union. organized in 1866. and included about 600. 000 members. skilled or unskilled and even husbandmans. although they excluded the Chinese and did non seek to include adult females and inkinesss. Because of this. the Colored National Labor Union was created by inkinesss themselves but the differences did non let them to work together. The National Labor brotherhood strongly advocated for eight hr working daies. Another brotherhood called the Knights of Labor emerged that first began as a secret society. Their intent was to include all workers in â€Å"one large brotherhood. † They allowed everyone: inkinesss. Whites. work forces. adult females. the skilled and unskilled. Terence V. Powderly led this brotherhood to win several work stoppages for an eight- hr twenty-four hours. Unfortunately. the Knights of Labor were involved in a violent protest called Haymarket Square. They were mistaken to be associated with nihilists and this brought them to their ruin. Finally. a successful brotherhood shows up called the American Federation of Labor ( AFL ) . founded by Samuel Gompers. which merely allowed skilled workers. In the terminal. normally the direction won with the strikers holding small betterment. Immigration and labour brotherhoods strongly impacted the American. Immigrants largely impacted the American industrial worker negatively. because of more competition to gain occupations and besides the immigrant’s willingness to work for lower rewards. Labor brotherhoods wer e created in order to assist the workers. but in the terminal. both created tenseness and depersonalized the work infinite.

Human Factors in Aviation Safety Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human Factors in Aviation Safety - Article Example This is illustrated using organization conditions such as effective communication, supervision and omissions that were attributed to the changes in the company. Having gone through this report, I would like to express my satisfaction with it. The examples given here are typical of how influential human factors are in aviation industry. It is true that the performance of employees in aviation sector heavily relies on the supervision levels given to them, their qualifications and professionalism. This is what can be attributed to the causes of MRMs as recorded in the report (Shappell, 1997). The errors made here clearly shows that human factors are so influential because they play very important roles in determining the out put and productivity of the aviation staff. Therefore, factors like employee motivation, training, safety and health should be taken seriously at all times. They can determine the successes of an organization. So, management should not be relaxed because it can result into errors and mistakes that can negatively impact on the overall performance and success of the